Cardiology 4

A 27-year-old woman is in the second semester of pregnancy. She should be counseled that which of the following medicines is absolutely contraindicated during the pregnancy?

An 84-year-old man has angina pectoris. During the anginal discomfort ventricular ectopic beats are noted. Which of the following is the preferred medication in treatment of the cardiac disorder?

A 44-year-old woman awakens at 3 AM with severe anterior chest pressure. Electrocardiography shows ST segment elevation in the anterior precordial leads. Variant angina is diagnosed. In addition to nitrates which of the following is the preferred medication to be administered?

A 76-year-old man has a 2 week history of worsening generalized fatigue and weakness. Blood pressure is 94/68 mm Hg, pulse 98/min/regular, respirations 18. Auscultation of the lungs is normal. The apical impulse is in the 6th intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line. An apical S3 gallop is heard. Which of the following medications should not be administered?

A 25-year-old female with known mitral valve prolapse accompanied by a grade 2 regurgitant murmur is scheduled to have her teeth cleaned by her dentist and asks you about antibiotic prophylaxis. She is allergic to penicillin. Which of the following do you prescribe?

A 77-year-old woman has severe anterior chest pressure. ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is diagnosed. Vital signs are normal. Lungs are clear to auscultation. Heart size is normal with an apical S4 gallop. Which of the following should not be administered in the therapeutic regimen?

A 74-year-old man has the acute onset of anterior chest pressure lasting 1 hour. ST segment elevation myocardial infarction is diagnosed. At the time of presentation in the emergency department the patient is taking simvastatin and sildenafil. Blood pressure is 114/78 mm Hg, pulse 98/min/regular, respirations 18/min. Lungs are clear to auscultation. Heart size is normal with an apical S4 gallop. Which of the following should not be administered in the therapeutic regimen?

A 77-year-old woman has frequent episodes of angina pectoris despite vigorous medicinal therapy. A transdermal nitroglycerin patch is prescribed. Which of the following is appropriate counseling?

A 55-year-old woman is suspected of having deep vein thrombosis of her leg. A serum D-dimer level is ordered. Which of the following best describes D-dimer?

A 14-year-old boy with known hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has exertional breathlessness without angina pectoris. Blood pressure is 126/80 mm Hg, pulse 80/min/regular, respirations 18/min. Examination shows bibasilar lung crackles. An apical lift is felt in the 5th intercostal space in the mid-clavicular line. An apical S4 gallop is heard. Which of the following is the preferred initial medication?

Which of the following is a clinical characteristic of trisomy 18?

Which of the following is the most appropriate management for a patient with a 6.5-cm abdominal aortic aneurysm?

Which of the following medications used to treat angina pectoris requires drug-free periods to avoid tolerance effect?

A 63-year-old man arrives at the emergency department with 40 minutes of severe squeezing retrosternal tightness radiating to the left arm with dyspnea and diaphoresis. Which of the following laboratory results would you expect to find for this patient?

A 28-year-old female presents with a complaint of dyspnea on exertion that has been getting worse over the past several weeks. She has now developed hemoptysis. She denies any significant past medical history. On examination there is a loud S1 and S2 which is followed by and opening snap and a diastolic rumble. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s condition?

A 49-year-old man with essential hypertension is placed on enalapril. Which of the following is the most common side effect of this medication class?

A 68-year-old woman presents complaining of new-onset unilateral headache, diplopia, and jaw claudication. She also has a 6-month history of shoulder and upper arm myalgias and arthralgias. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following cause(s) high-output congestive heart failure?

Which of the following is a clinical characteristic of tetralogy of Fallot?

Which of the following is the appropriate management for an asymptomatic patient with persistent second-degree atrioventricular block, Mobitz type II, and a heart rate of 38 beats per minute?

In most medical settings, the standard vital signs include:

A 13-year-old male presents with complaints of dizziness, shortness of breath, headaches, nose- bleeds, and chest pain. You suspect this is due to the congenital heart defect coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following imaging modalities would you suggest to confirm this diagnosis?

A 45-year-old African-American male with a history of uncontrolled hypertension presents with sudden, intense, stabbing pain in the back. Blood pressure is 220/110 mmHg, electrocardiogram is normal, troponin levels are normal, d-dimer is normal. Which diagnostic procedure would you perform immediately?

Hypertriglyceridemia can effectively be managed with daily consumption of which of the following vitamins?

An 80-year-old female presents with sick sinus syndrome. Which of the following procedures are required to treat this condition?

Which of the following anti-inflammatory medications is commonly used in conjunction with ibuprofen for treatment of acute pericarditis?

A 55-year-old obese African-American male presents with sudden onset of chest tightness radiating to his back and left arm, along with nausea. Chest X-ray was normal, and electrocardiogram reveals normal sinus rhythm with ST segment elevation. Troponin level was 0.4. D-dimer level was 0.24. Pulse oximetry was normal at 100% on room air. Blood pressure was 160/80. Patient was administered nitroglycerin with no resolution of chest pain. Which diagnostic study would you perform and why?

A 27-year-old Asian male presents to the emergency room in an unresponsive state. Blood pressure is reduced at 80/50 mmHg. Auscultation of the chest reveals a rapid, irregular heart rhythm. The patient’s electrocardiogram is illustrated below. Based on the patient’s ancestry and clinical presentation, this patient suffers from which of the following disorders?

Which of the following medications is indicated for long-term maintenance therapy of cardiogenic transient ischemic attacks?

A 17-year-old male presents with dizziness and nausea without loss of consciousness. The patient had been active all day at a wrestling tournament. No chest X-ray abnormalities, CT scan abnormalities, or bloodwork abnormalities were detected. Which is the most appropriate diagnosis?