Gastroenterology 6

Upon metabolic analysis, a 56-year-old man has a deficiency in both magnesium and folate. He most likely has which of the following conditions?

A 40-year-old female complains of acute right upper quadrant pain radiating to the back and low grade fever. Laboratory evaluation indicates the presence of urinary bilirubin and an elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Necrotizing enterocolitis is diagnosed in a 1-month-old male who has vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal distention. Which of the following is the most likely abnormality to be noted on radiography of the abdomen?

A 22-year-old woman predictably has bloating, gas, and diarrhea after ingesting milk or ice cream. Which of the following is the preferred diagnostic test for lactose intolerance?

A 42-year-old woman has a 2 week history of epigastric pain and diarrhea. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy shows a 2 cm ulcer distal to the duodenal bulb. An increased serum level of which of the following is most likely to be noted?

A 21-year-old male presents to the clinic complaining of “a painful lump on the tailbone” that has gotten worse over the past few days. He relates that he has had symptoms on and off over the past year, but now it is “the worse than ever” and ibuprofen is not helping with the pain. He is noted to have a red, tender area in the region of the gluteal cleft with dimpling. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 55-year-old male presents complaining of abrupt onset 2 days ago of deep epigastric pain with “boring” radiation to his back. He also complains of sweating, weakness, nausea, and one episode of vomiting since symptoms began. He admits to heavy alcohol intake last night and also to a similar episode of pain 2 years ago. Which of the following laboratory studies would be the most beneficial in establishing this patient’s diagnosis?

Your 63-year-old male patient visits you after having had a routine screening colonoscopy and tells you that several diverticuli were seen in his sigmoid colon. He has no present complaints and his abdominal exam is normal. Which of the following should you recommend to him to prevent complications from his diverticuli?

Jaundice, early satiety, aversion to food, and weight loss are most likely associated with which of the following diseases?

Fifteen minutes after finishing a meal, a 50-year-old man has dumping syndrome manifest by sweating, tremor, and weakness. Which of the following is the pathophysiologic basis of dumping syndrome?

A clinical feature of esophageal achalasia includes:

Which of the following is considered a surgical emergency in the pediatric population?

Which of the following is a true statement regarding obesity?

Which of the following clinical characteristics is associated with fulminant viral hepatitis?

A clinical feature of esophageal webs may include:

A 47-year-old woman with a long history of constipation presents to your office with left lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, low-grade fever, and chills for the past day. On physical exam, she is very tender to palpation in the left lower abdomen, and there is a palpable mass. Stool on DRE is brown and hemoccult positive. What would be the reasonable medical management for this patient?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease?

A 32-year-old healthy woman presents complaining of intermittent nonexertional stabbing chest pain radiating to her neck that lasts 30 to 40 minutes typically after eating very hot or cold beverages and at times she experiences dysphagia with solid foods. The most likely diagnosis is:

The diagnostic test of choice in the evaluation of Zenker’s diverticulum is:

A 3-day-old infant presents with jaundice of the nail beds. The bilirubin level is 15 mg/dL. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step?

A 44-year-old female presents with abdominal pain that gets worse after eating, nausea, and weight loss. The patient also complains of black tarry stools. Endoscopy reveals the presence of small ulcers. Based on the patient’s presentation and test results, which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?

A 6-week-old infant presents with projectile vomiting, weight loss, and dehydration. Physical examination reveals an olive-shaped mass to the right of the umbilicus. You suspect pyloric stenosis. Which of the following diagnostic exams would you order to confirm the diagnosis?

Diseases involving defective bone mineralization, such as osteomalacia and rickets, are most often caused by a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

An 8-month-old child presents with severe colicky pain and mucous-filled, bloody stools. Physical examination reveals a sausage-like mass in the abdomen. Barium enema was positive for intussusception. Which of the following clinical procedures would you perform in order to correct this disorder?

A 44-year-old male presents with altered, bloody bowel movements, left lower quadrant pain, nausea, and vomiting. Physical exam reveals abdominal tenderness. CT scan confirms a diagnosis of diverticulitis. Which of the following treatments is recommended in order to avoid complications from diverticulitis?

Which of the following refers to the gastrointestinal condition that is characterized by a painful, fluctuant area at the sacrococcygeal cleft?

Diseases involving defective bone mineralization, such as osteomalacia and rickets, are most often caused by a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

Which of the following medical signs is an indication of acute appendicitis in which the patient is supine and attempts to raise the leg against resistance?

A 46-year-oldmale with a history of Crohn’s disease presents with severe abdominal cramping, fever, and abdominal distention. Physical examination reveals rigid abdomen and rebound abdominal tenderness. Abdominal X-ray reveals colonic dilation confirming the diagnosis of toxic mega-colon. Which of the following clinical procedures is indicated for treatment of this disorder?

Which of the following medical signs is an indication of acute appendicitis detectable by having the patient lie supine with the right knee bent at a right angle, holding the right ankle, and attempting to rotate the right hip internally by moving the knee inward?