Infectious Disease 1

A 22-year-old man has the recent onset of severe seborrheic dermatitis. The clinician should suspect which of the following as the underlying diagnosis?

A 52 year-old female returns from an Amazon jungle safari and one week later develops a fever, chills, myalgias and malaise. Vitals are temp 102.1 F, HR 58, BP 122/80, R- 18. She has an unremarkable exam. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her condition?

A 7-year-old boy has a 1 day history of fever, headache, photophobia, and vomiting. Vital signs are normal except that axillary temperature is 102.8 degrees F. The patient is alert and oriented. Examination shows nuchal rigidity without localizing neurologic signs. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid shows high neutrophile count, low glucose, and large amounts of protein. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following 65 year old patients has a risk factor for Hepatitis B and should get the hepatitis B vaccine?

Presence of which of the following differentiates infectious mononucleosis from Hodgkin’s disease?

A 6-year-old child has bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain caused by enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) colitis related to eating undercooked beef. Which of the following is the most likely complication?

Which of the following diseases is caused by infection by anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria?

A 27-year-old man who has AIDS should be counseled not to receive which of the following vaccines?

One week after falling on the basketball court, a 9-year-old girl has a 1 day history of redness and painful swelling of her left elbow. Which of the following is the preferred initial diagnostic test?

An 18-year-old woman has profuse diarrhea starting 4 days after a camping trip. Stool microscopy confirms giardiasis. Which of the following is the preferred initial therapy?

A 70-year-old man who has a prosthetic aortic valve is to undergo gum surgery. He has no allergies. Which of the following is the preferred agent in endocarditis prophylaxis?

A 22-year-old man has cystic fibrosis complicated by recurrent pulmonary infection. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be the infecting organism?

A 32-year-old pregnant woman at term has a genital Chlamydia infection. Her infant born via vaginal delivery is most likely to develop which of the following?

Six months after a surgical splenectomy, a 22-year-old man has the acute onset of generalized abdominal pain and fever. Peritonitis with bacteremia is diagnosed. Which of the following is the most likely infecting organism?

A 6-year-old child is brought to the emergency room for a complaint of high fevers and a rash. His mother reports that she thought he had “just a cold” approximately one week ago—he had a mild fever, runny nose, conjunctivitis and cough. Then he developed a rash that started on his face and gradually spread downward. The child has no significant past medical history, however he was adopted from Russia at age 5, and his medical history prior to adoption is unknown. On examination the child appears lethargic, and has a temperature of 104.3o. There is mild injection of his conjunctiva and a generalized macular rash. White macules are noted on his buccal mucosa. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 23-year-old female is 27 weeks pregnant when she develops abrupt onset of fevers, chills, myalgias, cough and sore throat. Her primary care provider diagnoses her with influenza and advises her to rest as much as possible and use supportive care measures only . She initially starts to improve over 3-4 days, but then develops increasing fevers, pleuritic chest pain, shortness of breath and cough with minimal sputum production. A chest x-ray shows a interstitial infiltrate and pleural effusion. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

In which of the following individuals is mumps vaccine CONTRAINDICATED?

What is the first possible sign of cat scratch disease?

Local health officials in New York City report large numbers of deaths of crows in mid-September. Should a patient present with signs and symptoms of encephalitis, infection with which of the following should be considered most strongly?

Botulism in an adult is most likely to be associated with ingestion of which of the following?

Of the following, what is an early finding in tetanus?

The supervisor of a lettuce farm near the California-Mexico border has developed an increasingly severe recurring fever. Every third day, he has been experiencing febrile episodes followed by chills. Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood smears show multiple ring forms of merozoites and sausage-shaped protozoan gametocytes. What is the most likely etiologic agent involved in this infection?

An 18-year-old college freshman comes into Student Health Services because she is afraid she has had an allergic reaction to medication. Ten days ago, she developed a severe sore throat, malaise, myalgias, fever, and swollen glands. She did not have time to come into the clinic so she has been taking her roommate’s ampicillin. Physical examination reveals a fatigued-appearing woman with an erythematous maculopapular rash over much of her trunk. Her pharynx is erythematous and edematous with tonsillar exudates bilaterally. Her posterior cervical and occipital nodes are enlarged and tender. Lungs are clear and heart sounds are normal. The tip of her spleen is palpable approximately 3 cm below the left costal margin. Which laboratory study is most likely to confirm the suspected diagnosis?

In a patient with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), high-resolution CT scan of the lungs is most likely to show which of the following?

Which of the following diseases is transmitted to humans by the consumption of unpasteurized dairy products?

A 40-year-old Russian immigrant with unknown immunization status arrives in Berlin complaining of sudden onset of fever, aching all over, and a mild sore throat. Physical examination discloses a grayish pharyngeal membrane over the tonsils and pharynx. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 5-month-old boy who is in daycare full time develops wheezing and low-grade fever in January. On examination, he is tachypneic and appears to be laboring to breathe. Oxygen saturation is 86%. Chest radiography reveals hyperinflation of the lungs. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following agents used to treat HIV works by way of inhibition of reverse transcriptase?

Infant botulism is most often associated with consumption of which of the following foods?

Osteomyelitis in persons with sickle cell disease is most commonly caused by which of the following organisms?