Neurology 3

An 82-year-old man has an episode of blurred vision and is diagnosed as having amaurosis fugax. Which of the following is characteristic of this eye disorder?

A 59-year-old diabetic woman, whose only medication is Lente insulin, had a 30-minute episode of weakness and heaviness of the right arm and right leg approximately 2 ½ hours ago. She is brought to the emergency department via EMS for evaluation. At the time of examination she is alert and asymptomatic. BP 150/94 mm Hg. Pulse 86 bpm/irregular. Respirations are 16 breaths/minute and nonlabored. Cardiac exam reveals normal intensity of S1 and S2 with a Grade IV/VI systolic ejection murmur in the mitral area but no rubs or gallops are heard. A left carotid bruit is heard. No neurologic or speech deficits are noted by exam. The most appropriate next step is:

The presence of which of the following differentiates central vertigo caused by brainstem Infarction from peripheral vertigo caused by benign positional vertigo?

A 32-year-old man is diagnosed as having cluster headaches. He should be counseled that intake of which of the following is most likely to provoke the onset of a headache?

A 34-year-old woman has a 2 week history of recurrent, one second, “electric shock” piercing pain in her left cheek. Trigeminal neuralgia is diagnosed. Which of the following is the preferred initial therapy?

Donepezil (Aricept) therapy is initiated in an 82-year-old woman for treatment of dementia. Which of the following is the mechanism of action of the medication?

A 28-year-old woman has a 2 day history of diplopia and drooping of her eyelids. Examination shows right ptosis, bilaterally weak extraocular muscle movements and weakness of neck flexor muscles. Pupil size is equal bilaterally. Presence of which of the following serum antibodies is most likely to be noted?

A 72-year-old man with a long-standing history of diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, and hypertension presents to the clinic complaining of burning and tingling pain in his feet. Which of the following medications would help control pain in this patient?

An 83-year-old man has a 5 month history of cognitive dysfunction manifest by inability to balance his checkbook and memory loss. Presence of which of the following signs upon examination is most suggestive of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

A patient with a known brain tumor presents with marked change in his personality and difficultly with simple calculations. Which area of the brain is his lesion most likely in?

You determine that your patient is experiencing myoclonic seizures. Which of the following is the most likely initial complaint?

A 10-year-old boy brought a note home from his teacher stating that he has repeated episodes of daydreaming while in school. After taking a complete medical history from his parents, you discover that he exhibits this same behavior at home. You also find that, when he is daydreaming, his eyelids twitch, and he is not aware of these episodes. There are no physical findings. Which of the following is the most likely etiology?

Which of the following is indicated in confirming muscular dystrophy in a 1-year-old child?

A 15-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department following a diving board accident. Physical examination demonstrates a patient who is awake and alert with warm, pink skin. He is unable to move his extremities. Which of the following is the most likely type of shock?

The pharmacologic effect of taking alcohol while on barbiturates is called:

Which of the following is a clinical feature of Parkinson’s disease?

Which of the following is a criterion for the diagnosis of probable Alzheimer’s disease?

Which of the following medications listed below is currently approved in the United States for treating primary symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease?

Genetic counseling is recommended if there is a family history of:

A patient has been taking carbidopa/levodopa 25/100 mg PO TID for 12 years. A clinician should be concerned about:

Which of the following medications is the only drug that is FDA-approved specifically for the treatment of fibromyalgia?

Which of the following medical interventions is indicated to provide pain relief from spinal stenosis?

A 48-year-old man presents with a series of severe, unilateral, periorbital headaches lasting from 30 to 90 minutes, several times a day over the past month. Physical exam reveals myosis and ptosis. Patient states his headaches are not relieved by rest. Based on the patient’s presentation and physical examination, which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?

A 23-year-old male presents with fever, headache, and a stiff neck. Physical examination reveals a petechial rash. You suspect meningitis. Which of the following clinical interventions must be performed to confirm the diagnosis?

A 22-year-old female presents with a throbbing, pulsating headache on the left side of her head. The patient also complains of nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, and inability to eat while the headaches are in progress. Based on the patient’s presentation, which of the following is the most appropriate diagnosis?

Which of the following medications is commonly used in order to hasten the maximum recovery from acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis?

A 60-year-old woman presents with sudden, abrupt, right-side facial muscle weakness, along with one-sided facial paralysis in which she cannot close her right eye or raise her right brow. Based on the patient’s presentation, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following medications are used to decrease the frequency of relapses of moderate or severe attacks stemming from multiple sclerosis?

A 60-year-old male presents with severely impaired bowel and bladder function along with leg pain and numbness. MRI reveals large midline disk herniation at L4-L5 that is compressing several nerve roots. You diagnose this patient with cauda equina syndrome. Which of the following treatment options would you suggest to treat this disorder?

Which of the following diagnostic studies is used to monitor bodily functions when a patient is asleep?